Which ECCO Product is Best for You?

The ECCO consortium makes four types of solutions, all of which satisfy the laws of physics and thermodynamics, thus they conserve heat, salt, volume, and momentum:

  Adjoint – Longer duration (i.e., multi-decadal) coupled ocean analyses that have the best fit to observations. Learn about ECCO adjoint modeling.
  Green's function – Longer duration, eddy-permitting simulations with generally less robust fit to observations than adjoint solutions. Well suited for process studies.
  Kalman Filter/Smoother – Constructed using the Kalman filter and Rauch-Tung-Striebel (RTS) smoother to sequentially correct models with observations. This solution is mathematically equivalent to adjoint solutions.
  Nature runs – Shorter duration, high-resolution solutions that are not constrained to observations. Well suited for process studies. Check out associated visualizations.

Interested in global solutions?
  ECCO "Central Estimates": global, multi-decadal coupled ocean and sea-ice solutions that are best suited for basin-scale investigation of our changing ocean and climate.
  ECCO2: global, multi-decadal coupled ocean and sea-ice solutions that are best suited for process studies involving mesoscale eddy dynamics.
  High-resolution LLC Nature Runs: global, 1-2 year solutions best suited for process studies involving mesoscale and sub-mesoscale eddy dynamics.
Interested in our polar oceans?
  Arctic Subpolar gyre State Estimate (ASTE) captures subsurface hydrography in the Arctic Ocean, subpolar North Atlantic, and at important Arctic Mediterranean gateways.
  Biogeochemical Southern Ocean State Estimate (B-SOSE) provides a coupled biogeochemical-sea ice-ocean state estimate that includes information about the Southern Ocean's carbon and oxygen fields as well as nutrient cycles.
Focused on other regions?
  Scripps Institution of Oceanography uses the adjoint-based methodology developed by ECCO to produce regional model-observations syntheses with consistent dynamics and closed budgets for all tracers that are suitable for scientific analysis. Regional ocean state estimations include: